Furnace.



No. 704,097. Pawnted July 8, |902.

C. PHILLIPS.

FURNAGE.

(Application med Apr, 1e, 1901.) (No Model.) asheets-sneet l.

H11 T 3i ITM mi Witnesses. Inventor.

Y J? l N Mw PQM@ j Q @bw Attorney.

ma www; Hwang co. marciano. msnmaro/N, o. c

Patented luly 8, |902. C. PHILLIPS.

F U B N A C E.

(Application led Apr. 1B, 1901.)

3 'Sheets-Sheet 2.

(lo Model.) f

Inven or.

W itnesses.

tt rl'ley.

TH: Nonms Farms co, PHo'rovLm-w, wAsmNmoN, n. c

Patented .Iuly 8, |902.

C. PHILLIPS.

I FunNAcE. (Application led Apr. 1B, 1901.)

3 Sheets-*Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

Inventor.

Witnesses.

ttorney.

UNITED STATES PATENT (')EEICEV COLUMBUS PHILLIPS, OF MERIDIAN,MISSISSIPPI.

FU RNACE'.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 704,097, dated July 8,1902.

Application filed April 18, 1901. Serial No. 56,414. (No model.)

T0 @ZZ whom, it Hetty concern.-

Be it known that I, CoLUMBUs PHrLLrPs, a citizen of the United States,residing at Meridian, in the county of Lauderdale and State ofMississippi, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFurnaces, of which the following is a specification, reference being hadtherein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to improvements in mechanical draft and sparkarresters for locomotive-boilers, its object being, among other things,to provide a device to maintain a uniform artificial draft in thefire-box, and thereby cause a complete and economical combustion of thefuel, which will prevent the formation of smoke, means to prevent theescape of sparks or cinders through the stack, and, further, toconstruct and attach my improvements to the prevailing style oflocomotive-boilers without affecting the present symmetrical proportionsthereof and by adding the least possible weight thereto.

Under the present conditions of railroading, wherein a locomotive iscalled upon to draw a train of cars at an enormous rate of speed, muchdifficulty has been found in maintaining a uniform and constantsteam-pressure in the boiler sufficient to give the maximum efficiencyto the locomotive, which difficulty is due in a great measure to theimperfect and variable draft in the fire-box, produced by theexhaususteam jet-draft, which is intermittent. A defectivedraft preventsthe complete combustion of the fuel, which is the source of the smokenuisance; but with a mechanical draft, as applied in my invention, thedraft in the lire-box is controlled so as to produce perfect combustionof the fuel under varying conditions of the quality of the fuel and thework to be done by the locomotive.

In the practice of my invention Ipreferably use duplex fans, which arenot affected by external iniiuences, such as the climatic conditions,and they are so connected with the boiler that they may be used tocreate either a drawn or a forced draft'in the lire-box. These fans areoperated by an auxiliary engine which is controlled by a governoroperated by the steam-pressure of the boiler and can also be controlledso that the draft in the fire-box. will be permanent and uniform.

Within the extended front of the boiler there is a compartment which isfilled with Water and into which the sparks or cinders are discharged,the water cooling them and arresting theirl movement, so that they donot pass out through the stack.

As my device can be attached to any form of locomotive-boiler, I do notlimit myself to a boiler constructed only as herein shown and described.

Referring to the drawings, in which like numerals designate like partsin the several views, Figure lis a longitudinal sectional elevation of alocomotive-boiler with my i1nproved device attached thereto. Fig. 2 is afront view thereof, partly in section; and Fig. 3 is a plan View.

The locomotive-boiler, as shown, is constructed with a body portion l,having the usual jacket 2 surrounding the same and a plurality of fiues3 therein, supported at their forward ends by the head 11. The rearportion of the boiler is not shown, as its construction is immaterial tomy invention, any of the forms common to the art being equally adaptedto my invention, as well as the one herein shown.

Attached to the forward end of the body portion 1 by the rivets 6 is anextension 5, and attached to the forward end of the extension by therings 8 9 is a cistern 7. The ring 8 is secured to the extension 5 andthe ring 9 to the cistern 7, and both are clamped together by the bolts10. The cistern 7 is separated from the extension 5 by the head 13, towhich is attached the duct 14, which extends rearwardly and joins with aT 15, the vertical portion of which is concentric with the stackbase 11and stack 12. The contour of the extension 5 and cistern 7 is the sameas that of the body of the boiler. Hence there is no disfigurement ofthe symmetrical proportions of the boiler.

Projecting upwardly from the lower part of the extended front of theboiler is the eX- haust-pipe 16, having connection through the passages17 17 with the steam-chests 18 18 upon either side of the boiler, andmovable vertically thereon is the extension-pipe 19, which is held atits upper end by a guide 2O within the interior of the T l5.

The extension-pipe 19 is moved vertically IOO by the yoke-arm 23, havingconnection with an adjustable split collar 24 and to a rockshaft 25,rotatably mounted within the extended front of the boiler and having anoperating-arm 26 upon its outer end, the hub of which is provided withnotches which engage with similar notches in the face of the flange 27,riveted to one side of the extension 5. Through the operating-arm 26 therockshaft 25 is rotated and the extension-pipe 19 is given a verticalmovement, and the engagement of the notches in the face of the flange 27with those of the hub of the operating-arm 26 hold the pipe in any ofits adjusted positions.

Surrounding the extension-pipe 19 is the valve-disk 21, which in itsextreme upward position is seated against the lower open end of the T15,and around said valve is a netting 22, the mesh of which is fine enoughto prevent sparks or cinders passing therethrough.

The cistern 7 is filled with water from the feed-pipe of the injectorthrough the pipe 2S and valve 29, and its level therein is limited bythe gage-cock 30 and drain-pipe 31.

Attached to the exterior of the extended front of the boiler, near itsforward end, are the duplex fans, which are of the ordinaryconstruction, and, as herein shown, comprise a case 32 and fans 33,fixed to the arms of the spider 34, the outlets of the cases havingconnection with the interior of the boiler through the flanged pipes 39and the apertures 40, concentric thereto. Joined to the fan-cases arethe inlet-ducts 36, having connection with the interior of the extension5 through the apertures 37 and with the interior of the fan-cases 32 bythe aperture 38.

Between the fans is an auxiliary engine 35, the shaft of which projectsoutwardly from either side thereof and carries the spiders 34, as shownin Fig. 2. This engine may be of any preferred construction and ispreferably connected directly with the spider; but, if desired, the fanscan be geared or belted to the shaft, and thus multiply the number ofrevolutions thereof and permitting of the use of a smaller fan.. Thespeed of this engine is regulated byv a governor operated by thesteam-pressure of the boiler, so that as the pressure increases thespeed diminishes, and vice versa, thus making a perfectly automaticarrangement, whereby the draft produced by the fans varies, thusadapting the intensity of the fire to the requirements of thesteampressure. When the maximum steam-pressure is attained, the fans arepractically stopped and the fire is subjected to no draft, thuseffecting a saving in fuel consumption. The journal-bearin gs for theengine-shaft are kept cool by water from the tender-tank, which can beforced around the bearings by a miniature pump operated, if desired, bythe engine which drives the fans. After passing around the bearings thiswater can be returned to the tender-tank without loss. I

have not shown the detailed construction of this engine, as enginesadapted for this work are common to the art and can be readily purchasedin the open market, and, further, it is immaterial as to the particularform of the engine or means that I use to rotate the fans, it beingpossible and practical to connect the fans with an electric or any othersuitable motor.

The operation of my device is as follows: The cistern 7 is first iilledwith water to the proper level from the injector through the pipe 28 andvalve 29. The valve-disk 21 being seated against the bottom of the T 15cuts off communication with the atmosphere from the interior of theextended front or smokebox of the boiler except through the fans. Thefans are now put in motion by the engine 35, and the suction-draftcreated thereby draws the gases, sparks, or cinders through the flues 3from the fire-box into the extension 5 and thence through the apertures37 into the ducts 3G, through the apertures 38, and into the fan-cases32, from which they are discharged through the flanged pipes 39 andapertures 40 into the cistern 7. In the cistern they are thrown withconsiderable force against the surface of the water, which holds all ofthe heavy particles-such as sparks, cinders, tc. '-and defiects from itssurface the gases, which pass through the duct 14 into the T 15 and outthrough the stack 12. The eX- haust-steam passes from the steam-chests18 through the passages 17 into the exhaust-pipe 16 and thence throughthe extension-pipe 19 into the stack, thus forming a modified jetdraftwhich assists the passage of the gases through the duct 14 and stack 12.This jetdraft also materially lightens the work required of the rotaryfans. In Figs. 1 and 2 I have illustrated the path of the sparks orcinders, gases, the., from the liues 3 to the stack 12 by arrows. Bythis construction it is impossible for sparks or cinders to escape intothe atmosphere, they all being caught and held within aspecially-provided compartment.

The cinders and foreign matter that accu mulate within theextension-front 5 are removed therefrom through the cinder-chute 41, andaccess to the interior is had through the manholes 42 42 upon eitherside thereof. The cinders are removed from the cistern 7 through thedischarge-valve 43 and dischargepipe 44. The discharge-valve can beconstructed in any preferred manner; but, as herein shown, consists of avalve-disk 45, a cam 46 upon a shaft 47, and levers 48 upon either endof said shaft. A cap 49 covers an aperture through the shell of thecistern, which is provided for the admission of a rod to aidinremovingthe accumulation of sparks or cinders within the cistern.

The rotation of the fans, as herein shown, creates a suction-draftwithin the fire-box through the flues 3 and gives to the locomotive allof the advantages of a forced draft IOO IIC

now commonly used in stationary and marine boilers; but these fans canbe used entirely for the purpose of creating a forced draft, which canbe admitted into the closed ashpan of the lire-box or through hollowgratebars by any preferred means without departing from the spirit of myinvention.

The air-supply to the fire-box, whether drawn or forced, can be made topass through a pipe or system of pipes within the extension 5 and itstemperture thereby raised to a high degree, which will facilitate a moreeconomical combustion of the fuel and at the same time lower thetemperature of the escaping gases which pass through the said eX-tension.

By the use of this device as herein shown for creating an automaticmechanical draft a steady current of air can be drawn or forced into thefire-box of the boiler, and as it can be supplied in the proper amountfor a complete combustion of the fuel the smoke is consumed beforeleaving the fire-box and a constant source of annoyance in locomotivesis removed.

If an accident should displace the auxiliary engine or fans and renderthem inoperative, the extension-pipe 19 is lowered by means of theyoke-arm 23 and rock-shaft 25 through the operating-arm 29, as beforedescribed. The downward movement of this extension -pipe removes thevalve-disk 21 from its seat and opens direct communication between theextension-front of the boiler and the stack 12. The gases, sparks,cinders, dac., are drawn through the fiues 3 and the gases through thenetting 22 into the T 15 and stack 12 by the exhaust-steam, whichescapes through the exhaust-pipe 16, extension-tube 19, and stack 12into the atmosphere, the cinders and sparks being arrested by thenetting 22 and falling into the bottom of the eXtension 5, from whichthey are removed through the cinder-chute 41, as before described. Bythis arrangement the sparks, cinders, gases, tbc., are removed from thelire-box by the ordinary jet-draft, which is now almost exclusivelyusedif for any reason the auxiliary engine or fan mechanism shouldbecome disabled.

There are minor changes and alterations that can be made within myinvention aside from those herein shown and described, and I wouldtherefore have it understood that I do not limit myself to the exactconstruction herein shown and described, but claim all that falls fairlywithin the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with a boiler; of a smoke-stack having a direct andindirect connection with the smoke-box; an adjustable pipe concentricwith said smoke-stack for conveying a jet-draft thereto; and a valveadapted when in one position to close the said direct communicationbetween the smokebox and smoke-stack, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a boiler; of a smoke-stack having a direct andindirect connection with the smoke-box; an adjustable exhaust-pipecarrying a valve adapted when in one position to close said directcommunication between the smoke-box and smokestack; a draft-inducingmeans; and a sparkarresting compartment in said indirect connection,substantially as described.

3. The combination with a boiler having a sm oke-box therein and aspark-arresting compartment; of a smoke-stack having a directcommunication with said smoke-box and an indirect connection therewiththrough said spark-arresting compartment; a draft-induc-I ing meansforming the sole medium of connection between said smoke-box andsparkarresting compartment; an adjustable pipe for conveying a jet-draftinto said smokestack and having a valve connected therewith; and meansfor adjusting said pipe, so that said valve will cover or uncover thesaid direct communication between said smokebox and smoke-stack,substantially as de-` scribed.

4. In a boiler having a smoke-box therein and a spark-arrestingcompartment 7 5 of a smoke-stack connected therewith; means, as a duct14 and T 15, for connecting said sparkarresting compartment with saidstack; an exhaust-pipe 16 having an extension-pipe 19 movable thereon;and a valve 21 fixed to said extension-pipe and adapted to cover anduncover the opening into said stack from said smoke box, all constructedand operating substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aliix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

COLUMBUS PHILLIPS.

Vitnesses L. B. FERGUSON, A.. C.- HUNTER.

